Istanbul, historically known by several names starting Byzantium and Constantinople and Astana and the end
Aslambol. Largest cities in the Republic of Turkey which is ranked fifth in the world by population, where the population of more than 13 million people. Although it is not the capital, but it is considered the cultural center, economic and financial, which since 1985 on the list of World Heritage Sites of UNESCO.
Istanbul is a beautiful city and ancient: For its part, Western Europe, and adorned the Bosphorus and its port natural "Golden Horn" (Haliç or Altın Boynuz), and east Asia or "Anatolia", and thus the only city in the world that runs on two continents. A lot of empires and peoples ruled Istanbul and its ancient history and full of tradition and rich. It was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and then Romania and then Latin then the Ottoman Empire, but it was never fraught with some sort of holiness with the status of religious figures. Has acquired a religious significance for Christians after the Byzantine Empire to embrace this religion, then turned into the capital of the Islamic caliphate until 1924.
After the founding of the Turkish Republic and moved the capital to Ankara, weakened stature Istanbul little bit, but it's changed in the years of the fortieth session of the last century, and passes the city radical changes to create squares and boulevards and roads, such as "Taksim Square", and as a result of migrations and manufacturing outskirts of the city changed the demographics of the city of foreign communities to neighborhoods unions.
Istanbul temperate climate prevails in general, although it is located between the regions dominated by oceanic climate and the other dominated by the Mediterranean climate. The summer is hot and humid and winters cold and wet and often fall through the snow. Istanbul also be foggy mornings in almost every year, continuing until noon.
Divides Istanbul into 39 districts 0.27 which is the actual city, known as the "Istanbul Grand", which consists of three core areas: Peninsula Istanbul's historic old; provinces "Beyoğlu" and "Pashikattash" Altarakhittin; and provinces "Oscudar" and "Chalcedon ". Given that Istanbul was historically site fusion of cultures and races where one finds mosques, churches, temples, palaces, castles and historic towers, all of which constitute the elements of attraction for tourists and the central symbols of the city.
Istanbul' Ataturk International Airport, one of the largest airports in the region, is located on the European side of the city, and next to him on the morning ofokjn International Airport, on the Asian side. It is also the task of maritime navigation in Istanbul, where passenger ferries form the basis of daily commuting between parts of the city via bus company Istanbul Navy. A European road E80, also known as the "European way fast" (Avrupa Otoyolu) linking Turkey to Europe. The road network in Istanbul sophisticated and very organized and constantly expanding. At the level of the railway Istanbul universally known quotes named "Orient Express", which begins and ends where in Paris, and is mentioned in the works of Agatha Christie and Graham Greene. The spread of electric locomotives and rail outstanding and subways.
As of the ancient Greeks, we find from their tracks "Virgo", and architecture Romania there Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş sütunu), and the Byzantine style there Church "Hagia Irene" Palace of Constantinople great, and style Genoese town hall (Palazzo del Comune), and Ottoman style Castle "Anatolia siege" Castle "Rumeli siege" and the mosque of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari ".Eyüp Sultan Camii.
The most prominent landmarks of Istanbul are as follows:
- Hagia Sophia: Founded Kkatdraúah Orthodox Patriarchate and after the Islamic conquest turned into a mosque, and then became a museum. It is the site of the most important sites of Istanbul, Turkey, which is an architectural masterpiece extreme privacy at the level of the whole world, the most famous tourist destinations in the world.
- Sultanahmet Mosque: built by the Sultan, "Ahmed I," between the years 1609 and 1616, and is also known as the Blue Mosque because of the blue tiles adorning the inside. The tomb of Sultan founder and until 1976 was shown on Turkish banknotes from category 500 pounds.
- Obelisk Thtamos III: The list of the obelisk in the Temple of Karnak South edifice VII, where the pharaoh filed "Thtamos III" and then transferred to Alexandria, and remained there until the year 390, when Emperor Theodosius I ordered transferred to Constantinople.
- New Mosque: The mosque is also known as "Yanni" or mosque, "the mother of the Sultan," and is located at the Straits of the Golden Horn. , One of the most famous landmarks of Istanbul.
- Topkapı Palace: was the main headquarters of the sultans over 400 years, until the year 1856 began Mehmet the Conqueror built after the conquest of Constantinople, which attracts him today huge numbers of tourists, and is said to contain the cloak of the Prophet Muhammad and his sword.
- Bosphorus Bridge: also called the First Bosphorus Bridge, one of the two bridges linking Europe with Asia. A length of 1,510 meters and has won the fourth place among the longest suspension bridges in the world.
- Sultans Palace: Also known as the joy of Dolma Palace, and was the seat of the sultans since 1856 until the year 1922, the cost has built five million pounds Ottoman Majidiyeh, approximately 35 tons of gold.
- Yildiz Palace: built in 1880, and was the seat of the Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his entourage. Is a complex of small houses and multi-role was the Ottoman sultans resort to get away from the problems of governance and a break from the worries and hassles of work between now and then.
Istanbul is also a cultural center and wide, which is a boon for researchers and Mistoqan for recreation, nightlife and restaurants.
A good trip
:) suivi pleas
